Check out these MCQs on Tropical Infections And Infestations with reference from Bailey and Love Surgery (Chapter 6).
- In the portal circulation, amoeba causes __________ in the liver, producing an abscess, the commonest extraintestinal manifestation.
A. Liquefactive necrosis
B. Coagulative necrosis
C. Fibroid Necrosis
D. Caseous Necrosis
Answer: A. Liquefactive Necrosis
Explanation
Amoebiasis – pathology
- Entamoeba histolytica is the most common pathogenic amoeba in humans
- The vast majority of carriers are asymptomatic
- Insanitary conditions and poor personal hygiene encourage the transmission of the infection
- In the small intestine, the parasite hatches into trophozoites, which invade the submucosa to produce flask-shaped ulcers
- In the portal circulation, the parasite causes liquefactive necrosis in the liver, producing an abscess, the commonest extraintestinal manifestation
- The majority of abscesses occur in the right lobe of the liver.
- A mass in the course of the large bowel may indicate an amoeboma
2. ___________ is the commonest intestinal nematode to infect humans and affects ________ of the world’s population. The parasite causes__________ symptoms as a larva and________symptoms as an adult worm. Which of the following options fit well into the above-given statement
A Ancylostoma duodenale, half, pulmonary, intestinal.
B Ascaris lumbricoides, quarter, pulmonary, intestinal.
C Ancylostoma duodenale, quarter, intestinal, pulmonary.
D Ascaris lumbricoides, half, pulmonary, intestinal
Answer B Ascaris lumbricoides, quarter, pulmonary, intestinal
Ascaris lumbricoides, commonly called the roundworm, is the commonest intestinal nematode to infect humans and affects a quarter of the world’s population. The parasite causes pulmonary symptoms as a larva and intestinal symptoms as an adult worm.
3. ______________, the primary causative agent of filariasis accounts for more than _____percent of total infections worldwide . Variants of the parasite called _______and ______ are responsible for causing the disease in about_____ of those infected.
A Wuchereria bancrofti, 50%,Brugia malayi and Brugia patei, 5%
B Brugia malayi, 50%, Brugia patei and Brugia timori, 5%
C Wuchereria bancrofti, 90%,Brugia malayi and Brugia timori, 10%
D Brugia malayi, 90%, Brugia patei and Brugia timori,10%
Answer C
Explanation
Wuchereria bancrofti carried by mosquitoes is the primary causative agent of filariasis accounts for more than 90% of total infections worldwide. Variants of the parasite called Brugia malayi and Brugia timori are responsible for causing the disease in about 10% of those infected
4. In 2003, the WHO Informal Working Group on Echinococcosis (WHO-IWGE) proposed a standardised ultrasound classification based on the status of activity of the cyst. This is universally accepted, particularly because it helps to decide on the appropriate management.
Three groups have been recognised. Which of the following descriptions are false:
1. Group 1: Active group – cysts larger than 2 cm and often fertile.
2. Group 2: Transition group – cysts starting to degenerate and entering a transitional stage because of host resistance or treatment, but may contain viable protoscolices.
3. Group 3: Active group – degenerated, partially or totally calcified cysts; unlikely to contain viable protoscolices.
A 1. only
B 2. only
C 3. only
D All of the above
Answer: C. 3. only
Explanation
In 2003, the WHO Informal Working Group on Echinococcosis (WHO-IWGE) proposed a standardized ultrasound classification based on the status of activity of the cyst. This is universally accepted, particularly because it helps to decide on the appropriate management.
Three groups have been recognized:
Group 1: Active group – cysts larger than 2 cm and often fertile.
Group 2: Transition group – cysts starting to degenerate and entering a transitional stage because of host resistance or treatment, but may contain viable protoscolices.
Group 3: Inactive group – degenerated, partially or totally calcified cysts; unlikely to contain viable protoscolices.
5. Characteristics of leprosy include
A. Atrophied peripheral nerves, patches of aesthetic skin, claw hands, foot drop, trophic ulcers
B. Thickened peripheral nerves, patches of anaesthetic skin, claw hands, foot drop, trophic ulcers.
C. Atrophied peripheral nerves, patches of anaesthetic skin, claw hands, wrist drop, trophic ulcers.
D. Thickened peripheral nerves, patches of anaesthetic skin, claw hands, shoulder weakness, trophic ulcers.
Answer B
Explanation
- The face has an aged look, with collapse of the nasal bridge and ocular changes
- Thickened peripheral nerves, patches of anaesthetic skin, claw hands, foot drop and trophic ulcers are characteristic
6. Diagnosis of tropical chronic pancreatitis . Correct statements are:
—
a. The usual sufferer is a type 1 diabetic under 30 years of age
b. Serum amylase may not be elevated in an acute exacerbation
c. Plain radiograph shows stones along the pancreatic duct
d. Ultrasound and CT scan of the pancreas do not confirm the diagnosis, MRI is required
e. ERCP should be used as an investigation only when combined with a therapeutic procedure
—
A. None of the Above
B. e,d only
C. a,b,d only
D. c,e only
Answer D
Explanation
Diagnosis of tropical chronic pancreatitis
- The usual sufferer is a type 1 diabetic under 40 years of age
- Serum amylase may be elevated in an acute exacerbation
- Plain radiograph shows stones along the pancreatic duct
- Ultrasound and CT scan of the pancreas confirm the diagnosis
- ERCP should be used as an investigation only when combined with a therapeutic procedure
7. Consider the following statements with regards to poliomyelitis, which of the following is/are incorrect.
—
a. A protozoal illness that is preventable
b. Presents with protean manifestations of fever, headache and muscular paralysis without sensory loss, more frequently affecting the lower limbs
c. Treatment is mainly medical and supportive in the early stages
d. Surgery should only be undertaken after very careful assessment as most patients learn to live with their disabilities
e. Surgery is considered for the various types of paralysis in the form of tendon transfers and arthrodesis, which is the domain of a specialist neurosurgeons.
—
A. a,b,c only
B. e,d,c only
C. All of the above
D. a,e only
Answer: D
Explanation
Poliomyelitis
- A viral illness that is preventable
- Presents with protean manifestations of fever, headache and muscular paralysis without sensory loss, more frequently affecting the lower limbs
- Treatment is mainly medical and supportive in the early stages
- Surgery should only be undertaken after very careful assessment as most patients learn to live with their disabilities
- Surgery is considered for the various types of paralysis in the form of tendon transfers and arthrodesis, which is the domain of a specialist
8. Which of the following stand true as the presenting features of mycetoma infection
A. Slowly progressive, painful, subcutaneous swelling commonly at spontaneous sites.
B. Progresses fast, painful, cutaneous swelling commonly at spontaneous sites..
C. Slowly progressive, painless, subcutaneous swelling commonly at the site of presumed trauma.
D. Progresses fast , painless, cutaneous swelling commonly at the site of presumed trauma.
Answer C
- As mycetoma is painless, presentation is late in the majority.
- It presents as a slowly progressive, painless, subcutaneous swelling commonly at the site of presumed trauma.
Bailey and Love MCQs
- Chapter 1 – Metabolic Response to Injury
- Chapter 2 – Shock and Blood Transfusion
- Chapter 3 – Wound Healing and Tissue Repair
- Chapter 4 – Basic surgical skill and anastomoses
- Chapter 5 – Surgical Wound Infections
- Chapter 6 – Tropical Infections and Infestations
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